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Italy · Comune

Drinking water in Besano

One supply zone, published by ALFA S.r.l.. The values come from the publications of the Italian water suppliers (gestori), which D.Lgs. 18/2023 requires of them from 12 January 2026. Italian parametric values apply: trihalomethanes 30 instead of 50 µg/l, chromium 25 µg/l, uranium 30 instead of 10 µg/l; for hardness there is no maximum value, it is given in French degrees (°F).

Comune di Besano

ALFA S.r.l.
Key values Comune di Besano
Parameter Value Parametric value Share of the parametric value Reference
Sum of PFAS 0,0016 ug/l 0.1 µg/l
2 %
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [3]
Nitrate 12 mg/l 50 mg/l
24 %
Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Lead < 1 µg/l
below limit of quantification
10 µg/l
< 10 % *
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Escherichia coli (E. coli) 0 UFC/100ml 0/100 ml Maximum · Median 0 · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Sulphate 49 mg/l 250 mg/l
20 %
Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Sodium 2 mg/l 200 mg/l
1 %
Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]

* Value below the limit of quantification: the actual share of the parametric value is not known; it lies somewhere below the stated upper bound. The marker shows where the limit of quantification of the measurement lies relative to the parametric value.

Show all recorded parameters (58 — most recent value per parameter)

Microbiology (2)

Microbiology – Comune di Besano
Parameter Value Parametric value Share of the parametric value Reference
Escherichia coli (E. coli) 0 UFC/100ml 0/100 ml Maximum · Median 0 · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Intestinal enterococci 0 UFC/100ml 0/100 ml Maximum · Median 0 · Comune di Besano · Source [1]

Chemical parameters (31)

Chemical parameters – Comune di Besano
Parameter Value Parametric value Share of the parametric value Reference
1,2-dichloroethane < 0,9 µg/l
below limit of quantification
3 µg/l
< 30 % *
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Alachlor < 0,01 µg/l
below limit of quantification
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Antimony < 1 µg/l
below limit of quantification
10 µg/l
< 10 % *
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Arsenic < 1 µg/l
below limit of quantification
10 µg/l
< 10 % *
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Atrazine < 0,01 µg/l
below limit of quantification
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Bentazone < 0,01 µg/l
below limit of quantification
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Benzene < 0,3 µg/l
below limit of quantification
1 µg/l
< 30 % *
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Boron < 0,3 mg/l
below limit of quantification
1.5 mg/l
< 20 % *
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Bromodichloromethane 2 µg/l Median · Comune di Besano · Source [3]
Cadmium < 1,0 µg/l
below limit of quantification
5 µg/l
< 20 % *
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Chlorate 0,1 mg/l 0,25 — bzw. 0,70 bei Desinfektion mit Chlordioxid Median · Comune di Besano · Source [3]
Chlorite < 0,05 mg/l
below limit of quantification
0,25 — bzw. 0,70 bei Desinfektion mit Chlordioxid Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [4]
Chromium < 5 µg/l
below limit of quantification
50 µg/l
< 10 % *
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Copper < 0,2 mg/l
below limit of quantification
2 mg/l
< 10 % *
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Dibromochloromethane < 1 µg/l
below limit of quantification
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Fluoride 0,2 mg/l 1.5 mg/l
13 %
Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Lead < 1 µg/l
below limit of quantification
10 µg/l
< 10 % *
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Molinate < 0,01 µg/l
below limit of quantification
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Nickel 1 µg/l 20 µg/l
5 %
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Nitrate 12 mg/l 50 mg/l
24 %
Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Nitrite < 0,05 mg/l
below limit of quantification
0.5 mg/l
< 10 % *
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Propazine < 0,01 µg/l
below limit of quantification
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Selenium < 1 µg/l
below limit of quantification
20 µg/l
< 5 % *
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Simazine < 0,01 µg/l
below limit of quantification
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Terbuthylazine < 0,01 µg/l
below limit of quantification
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Tetrachloroethene < 1 µg/l
below limit of quantification
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Tetrachloroethene and Trichloroethene (sum) 10 µg/l 10 µg/l
100 %
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [3]
Tribromomethane (bromoform) < 1 µg/l
below limit of quantification
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Trichloroethene < 1 µg/l
below limit of quantification
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Trichloromethane (chloroform) 2 µg/l Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Trihalomethanes — Total 3 µg/l 30 µg/l
10 %
Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]

* Value below the limit of quantification: the actual share of the parametric value is not known; it lies somewhere below the stated upper bound. The marker shows where the limit of quantification of the measurement lies relative to the parametric value.

PFAS (4)

PFAS – Comune di Besano
Parameter Value Parametric value Share of the parametric value Reference
HFPO-DA (GenX) < 0,010 µg/l
below limit of quantification
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Perfluorodecane sulfonic acid (PFDS) < 0,010 µg/l
below limit of quantification
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Sum of PFAS 0,0016 ug/l 0.1 µg/l
2 %
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [3]
Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) 2 µg/l 10 µg/l
20 %
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [3]

Indicator parameters (13)

Indicator parameters – Comune di Besano
Parameter Value Parametric value Share of the parametric value Reference
Aluminium 21 µg/l 0.2 mg/l
11 %
Median · Comune di Besano · Source [2]
Ammonium < 0,13 mg/l
below limit of quantification
0.5 mg/l
< 26 % *
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Chloride 3 mg/l 250 mg/l
1 %
Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Clostridium perfringens (including spores) 0 UFC/100ml 0/100 ml Maximum · Median 0 · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Coliform bacteria 0 UFC/100ml 0/100 ml Maximum · Median 0 · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Colony count 22 °C 0 UFC/1ml senza variazioni anomale Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Iron 13 µg/l 0.2 mg/l
6 %
Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Manganese < 5 µg/l
below limit of quantification
50 µg/l
< 10 % *
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
pH 7,4 pH_unit 6,5–9,5 Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Sodium 2 mg/l 200 mg/l
1 %
Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Sulphate 49 mg/l 250 mg/l
20 %
Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Total organic carbon (TOC) 1 mg/l senza variazioni anomale Median · Comune di Besano · Source [2]
Turbidity 0,31 NTU accettabile per i consumatori, senza variazioni anomale Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]

* Value below the limit of quantification: the actual share of the parametric value is not known; it lies somewhere below the stated upper bound. The marker shows where the limit of quantification of the measurement lies relative to the parametric value.

Further parameters (8)

Further parameters – Comune di Besano
Parameter Value Parametric value Share of the parametric value Reference
Barium < 2 mg/l
below limit of quantification
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Calcium 81 mg/l Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Dry residue 356 mg/l Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Magnesium 25 mg/l Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Potassium 0,7 mg/l Median · Comune di Besano · Source [3]
Total hardness 30,7 ° f Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Vanadium < 10 µg/l
below limit of quantification
0.14 mg/l
< 7 % *
Maximum · Comune di Besano · Source [1]
Zinc 29 µg/l Median · Comune di Besano · Source [1]

* Value below the limit of quantification: the actual share of the parametric value is not known; it lies somewhere below the stated upper bound. The marker shows where the limit of quantification of the measurement lies relative to the parametric value.

Values taken unchanged from the publications linked below — for each parameter the most recent recorded value. „—" in the parametric value column: no currently valid legal parametric value is stored in our database for this parameter; the parameter register with all parametric values is being expanded continuously.

Sources: [1] https://www.alfavarese.it/sites/default/files/public%3A//report_acqua/Dati%20I%20e%20II%20Trimestre%202025_RETE.xlsx · I Semestre 2025_RETE_Alfa · Campionamenti dal 06.02.2025 al 26.05.2025 · retrieved on 08/07/2026 [2] https://www.alfavarese.it/sites/default/files/public%3A//report_acqua/I%20Trimestre.xlsx · Alfa - I trimestre 2026 · Campionamenti dal 13.01.2026 al 23.03.2026 · retrieved on 08/07/2026 [3] https://www.alfavarese.it/sites/default/files/public%3A//report_acqua/IV%20Trimestre.xlsx · IV Trimestre 2025_RETE_Alfa · Campionamenti dal 10.10.2025 al 10.12.2025 · retrieved on 08/07/2026 [4] https://www.alfavarese.it/sites/default/files/public%3A//report_acqua/III%20Trimestre.xlsx · III Trimestre 2025_RETE_Alfa · Campionamenti dal 22.08.2025 al 22.08.2025 · retrieved on 08/07/2026

How to read the share of the parametric value

12 % Share of the parametric value. The proportion of the permitted maximum that the measured value uses — here 12 %, so just over an eighth.
< 10 % * Below the limit of quantification. The substance was not detectable. The mark shows where the detection limit lies relative to the parametric value — the actual share of the parametric value is below that.

Several samples per year: for chemical parameters the mean value is given, for microbiological ones the highest measured value. There the parametric value is zero — a single finding would disappear in the average, and it is precisely that finding which is the information. Which reference applies is stated in the last column of the table.

Legal basis: Art. 18 D.Lgs. 18/2023 as amended by D.Lgs. 102/2025 (transposition of EU Directive 2020/2184). The values are not official — the publication of the Gestore, to which every row links, remains authoritative. Assignment of the comune: information in the analysis document, resolved against the municipality list of ISTAT (territorial status 01.01.2026, CC BY 4.0).